The human anal passage is lined with numerous small veins. When these veins, supporting tissues, and overlying mucous membrane or skin become swollen it causes pain, itching, burning and sometimes bleeding, you have what is called hemorrhoids or piles as it is also known. Veins become swollen from internal pressures or irritation from prolonged sitting.
In summary then hemorrhoids or piles are veins and supporting tissues in the lining of the anus that became abnormally large from swelling.
Internal Hemorrhoids, External Hemorrhoids and Prolapse Hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids are normally defined in terms of their location and severity.
Internal hemorrhoids are inside the anal passage and sometimes, an internal hemorrhoid enlarges to so much that it protrudes from the anal opening – called a prolapse.
External hemorrhoids are located within the 3-cm-long anal canal where the skin lining changes to mucous membrane opening of the anus.
Hemorrhoids prolapse when they protrude outside the anus and are often the cause of pain and/or bleeding.
Internal-external, or mixed, hemorrhoids are a combination of neighbouring external and internal hemorrhoids that emerge as a loose bulge.
A few notes:
- Hemorrhoids may contain blood clots (thrombotic hemorrhoids) which happen because a hemorrhoid was ruptured (damaged) and formed a blood clot (thrombus).
- Bleeding may be present without pain
- When you have external haemorrhoids there is a need for increased personal hygiene after defecation i.e. washing the anal area with luke-warm water etc.
Follow this link to get more information about hemorrhoids or piles
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